Docker Concepts: What is Software Supply Chain Security

docker-concepts-what-is-software-supply-chain-security

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## Introduction

![AppSec 101](https://example.com/appsec101_banner.jpg)

## Introduction

Hello everyone and welcome to another episode of AppSec 101. My name is Andrew Garrett and I am pleased to be joined today by Diogo Rispoli. Diogo is the Fortify Chief Architect for North America. It’s nice to have you on again, Diogo.

"Thank you so much for inviting me, Andrew. It's always a pleasure to talk about topics in AppSec."

## Understanding the Software Supply Chain

To set the stage, Diogo, could you give our viewers a brief explanation of what is the software supply chain?

"Of course, Andrew. The software supply chain consists of pieces of software, often third-party, that developers integrate into their software development process. These components help expedite development, making life easier by reusing code built by others, such as non-profit organizations, companies, or individual contributors."

So, essentially, it makes developing software easier by using existing components rather than building everything from the ground up?

"Exactly. It also speeds up the process, allowing for quicker releases."

## Security Implications of the Software Supply Chain

What are some aspects that may affect the security or integrity of the software supply chain?

"Several factors can affect security. Some open-source projects have multiple contributors, which means issues can be introduced. Organizations or individuals might lack the skills, knowledge, or time to fully investigate all security concerns. Consequently, vulnerabilities might slip through. Moreover, malicious entities might exploit these collaborative environments to introduce harmful code."

I recently saw a statistic stating that up to 98% of applications contain open-source components. When you hear that statistic, what does it imply?

"It means that open-source software is widely used, which is a good thing because of its collaborative nature. However, it also implies that we are heavily relying on these components and assuming they are secure, which is not always true."

## Mitigating Risks in the Software Supply Chain

Given the widespread use of open source, developers have to stay vigilant. But what are some proactive steps developers can take to mitigate risks?

"Developers can automate checks for known vulnerabilities during the build and deployment process. Tools like GitHub Actions can trigger free analyses on projects to identify issues. The key is to incorporate these automated checks into your development pipeline, preventing vulnerable libraries from reaching production."

What are some other best practices developers should follow?

"Trust but verify. Continuously perform checks using automated tools. Maintain internal repositories of verified libraries and stay updated with vulnerability databases like CVE. Organizations should also develop policies to regularly reevaluate these components."

## Fortify Solutions for Software Supply Chain Security

Could you discuss some of the tools Fortify offers to help with software composition analysis and open-source security?

"Certainly. Fortify has a strategic partnership with Sonatype and recently acquired Debricked. These tools help automate checks and integrate seamlessly into your build pipeline. Fortify Secure Center or the Fortify Dashboard provides a unified view of your security findings, presenting a single pane of glass for all your security needs. This includes integrations that bring security insights directly into developers' IDEs."

## Conclusion

In closing, Diogo, thank you for sharing your expertise today.

"Thank you for having me, Andrew. It’s always a pleasure."

To our viewers, don't forget to **subscribe to Fortify Unplugged** for the latest updates in AppSec and Fortify-related content.

---

## Keywords

- Software Supply Chain
- Open Source Software
- Software Security
- Vulnerability Management
- Fortify Tools
- Debricked
- Sonatype
- Automated Checks
- GitHub Actions

---

## FAQ

**Q: What is the software supply chain?**  
A: The software supply chain comprises third-party software components that developers integrate into their projects to expedite development.

**Q: Why is security in the software supply chain important?**  
A: Open-source projects can introduce vulnerabilities either due to oversight or malicious intent, making it crucial to ensure their security.

**Q: What are some proactive steps to secure the software supply chain?**  
A: Implementing automated security checks in the development pipeline and continuously verifying the integrity of open-source components are key steps.

**Q: What tools does Fortify offer for software supply chain security?**  
A: Fortify offers tools like Sonatype and Debricked which help automate vulnerability checks and integrations from the Fortify Dashboard for a consolidated view of security findings.

In this episode of AppSec 101, we discuss what makes up the software supply chain, why it's important to developers, and how to best secure it. Diogo Rispoli, Fortify Chief Architect for North America, also touches on Software Composition Analysis (SCA), O

What is the Software Supply Chain | AppSec 101

what-is-the-software-supply-chain-appsec-101

### Polyfill.io Injects Malicious Code on 100K Sites From Chinese Parent

When the popular web service Polyfill.io was purchased by a foreign entity, the project's developer issued a stark warning: he never owned the Polyfill.io site and advised all websites to cease using it immediately to mitigate the risk of a potential supply chain attack. In response to these concerns, reputable companies like Cloudflare and Fastly stepped in to set up their mirrors of the Polyfill.io service, providing websites with trusted alternatives. 

Supply chain security has become a significant focus in the tech industry, emphasizing the importance of knowing where your software comes from and who owns it. It is crucial to identify the entities with controlling or vested interests in the software you rely on. This awareness ensures that you understand the security risks associated with software dependencies and helps you make informed decisions to protect your digital assets. Ultimately, the key lies in knowing who controls the software you use.

---

### Keywords

- Polyfill.io
- Supply chain attack
- Cloudflare
- Fastly
- Supply chain security
- Software ownership
- Digital assets

---

### FAQ

**Q: What is Polyfill.io?**
A: Polyfill.io is a web service that allows developers to load polyfills selectively based on the user's browser.

**Q: Why was there a warning issued about Polyfill.io?**
A: The project's developer warned that he never owned the Polyfill.io site after its purchase by a foreign entity, and advised immediate removal from websites to prevent potential supply chain attacks.

**Q: What is a supply chain attack?**
A: A supply chain attack involves compromising the software supply chain to inject malicious code or fraudulent software updates, potentially causing widespread damage.

**Q: Who provided trusted alternatives to the original Polyfill.io service?**
A: Cloudflare and Fastly set up their mirrors for the Polyfill.io service to offer websites a trusted and secure alternative.

**Q: Why is supply chain security important?**
A: Supply chain security is critical because it helps protect digital assets by ensuring that software dependencies are secure and controlled by trusted entities.

**Q: How can one mitigate risks associated with software dependencies?**
A: By identifying and verifying the ownership and vested interests in software, understanding the security practices of suppliers, and using reputable providers, you can mitigate risks associated with software dependencies.

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Polyfill.io Injects Malicious Code on 100K Sites From Chinese Parent

polyfill-io-injects-malicious-code-on-100k-sites-from-chinese-parent

## Trending Threat (3/3): 10-year-old Windows Bug behind Supply Chain Attack on Softphone Platform 3CX

In order to opt-in, you need to apply some sort of registry fix. Thus, it’s important to note that anytime you upgrade or patch Windows, chances are that registry fix gets reverted. This essentially ensures that this well-intended fix never actually gets applied in practice, which is precisely what happened here.

Microsoft is proposing that users employ Windows Defender or some other Endpoint Detection and Response (EDR) solution to protect themselves. However, the reality is that there are already built-in operating system-level mechanisms to fix and address the issue. We are hoping that Microsoft steps up and does the right thing by rolling out a proper fix this time, but it's uncertain what will actually transpire. We’ll have to wait and see what happens.

---

## Keywords

- Opt-in
- Registry Fix
- Windows Upgrade
- Windows Patch
- EDR (Endpoint Detection and Response)
- Windows Defender
- Operating System Mechanisms
- Microsoft
- Proper Fix
- Supply Chain Attack
- Softphone Platform 3CX

---

## FAQ

**Q1: Why does the registry fix for the bug get reverted?**
A1: Every time you upgrade or patch Windows, the applied registry fix often gets undone, ensuring the fix never actually takes effect in practice.

**Q2: What is Microsoft's proposed solution for the issue?**
A2: Microsoft suggests using Endpoint Detection and Response (EDR) tools such as Windows Defender for protection.

**Q3: Are there built-in solutions within the operating system to address this problem?**
A3: Yes, there are built-in operating system-level mechanisms that can fix and address the issue.

**Q4: What is the present concern regarding Microsoft’s actions?**
A4: The concern is whether Microsoft will implement a proper fix this time around; it's uncertain what will happen next.

**Q5: What platform is specifically affected by this bug in the context of the article?**
A5: The softphone platform 3CX has been affected by this supply chain attack due to the 10-year-old Windows bug.

Last week’s 3CX supply chain attack was caused by a 10-year-old Windows vulnerability. This vulnerability was known and fixed in 2013, but Microsoft also realized that their fix could cause other apps like Google Chrome to break. As a result, it became an 

Trending Threat (3/3): 10-year-old Windows bug behind supply chain attack on softphone platform 3CX

trending-threat-3-3-10-year-old-windows-bug-behind-supply-chain-attack-on-softphone-platform-3cx

## Secure Your Software Supply Chain with Go

### Introduction

Hello everyone, and thank you for attending this session at Google Cloud Next. My name is Cameron, and I'm the product lead for the Go programming language at Google. Today, we're going to discuss software supply chain security: what it is, why it matters, and how the tools we provide with the Go programming language can help you secure your software supply chain at every stage of the software development lifecycle.

### About Me

As mentioned, I lead the Go team, having been part of it for over three years. Before Go, I worked on the Google Cloud SDK, focusing on languages and frameworks integrations. I've also served as a software developer at a proprietary trading firm, working on high-frequency, low-latency trading strategies in C++ and Java. Now, I'm an advocate for Go, and the security features I'll elaborate on today are just a small part of why I prefer Go over other languages I've worked with.

### The Origin of Go

#### Motivation and Vision

Go originated at Google during a period of exponential growth in 2007. It was designed to address the productivity bottlenecks in large-scale software development that were encountered with C++ and Java. Created by a team including Robert Griesemer, Rob Pike, and Ken Thompson, Go was built to prioritize simplicity and efficiency.

#### Go 1.0 and Compatibility Promise

In 2012, Go 1.0 was released with a focus on stability and real-world software engineering at scale. The Go Compatibility Promise ensured that programs written for Go 1.0 would continue to compile and run unchanged, establishing a reliable foundation for developers.

### Evolution and Features of Go

#### Initial Refinements

Between 2012 and 2015, Go underwent significant improvements, leading to Go 1.5, which involved rewriting the compiler and runtime in Go itself, improving garbage collection, and enhancing performance.

#### Dependency Management and Modules

In 2018, Go introduced modules, revolutionizing dependency management by making module contents immutable. This enabled caching, more efficient distribution via the Go module mirror, and enhanced security through the checksum database.

#### Addressing Growing Security Needs

As Go gained prominence in modern infrastructure and industry, security became a critical focus. Key initiatives included:

- **SBoM (Software Bill of Materials) in Go 1.8**
- **Native Fuzz Testing in Go 1.8**
- **Gaia Vulnerability Management System**

### Securing the Supply Chain

#### Understanding the Software Supply Chain

The software supply chain encompasses your source code, dependency libraries, and the processes that build and deploy your software. Vulnerabilities in any of these stages can compromise the entire system.

#### Example of a Supply Chain Attack

Consider a vulnerability deep within a dependency tree. Despite the distance, it can affect your application through transitive dependencies, underscoring the complexity and risk of modern software ecosystems.

### Go's Security Approach

#### Comprehensive Coverage

Go's security features address every stage of the software lifecycle:

- **Go Module Mirror and Checksum Database:** Ensures immutability and integrity of dependencies.
- **Vulnerability Detection:** Integrated into the Go toolchain, IDE extensions, and the Go vulnerability database.

#### Vulnerability Management

Go's end-to-end vulnerability management provides actionable insights based on package, symbol, and version data, allowing developers to focus on actual threats.

### Integrations

- **Package Site (pkg.go.dev):** Displays vulnerability information on package pages.
- **Command Line Tool (govulncheck):** Scans for vulnerabilities in codebases and binaries.
- **IDE Integration (VS Code):** Highlights vulnerabilities and suggests fixes as you code.

### Conclusion

Go's approach to security, integrated through the entire development lifecycle and combined with Google's Cloud offerings, provides a robust foundation for secure software development, especially for mission-critical systems and infrastructure.

### Keywords

- Go programming language
- Software supply chain security
- Dependency management
- Go 1.0
- Compatibility Promise
- Module mirror
- Checksum database
- Vulnerability management
- fuzz testing

### FAQ

**Q: What is the primary motivation behind the creation of Go?**
A: Go was created to address productivity bottlenecks in large-scale software development at Google, focusing on simplicity and efficiency.

**Q: What is Go's Compatibility Promise?**
A: The Go Compatibility Promise ensures that programs written for Go 1.0 will continue to compile and run unchanged, providing long-term stability.

**Q: How does Go manage dependencies?**
A: Go uses modules for dependency management, ensuring immutability and integrity through the Go module mirror and checksum database.

**Q: What is the Go vulnerability management system?**
A: It is an end-to-end system that detects and curates vulnerabilities in Go packages, integrating data from various sources and tools like govulncheck and IDE extensions.

**Q: What are some of the significant security features in Go?**
A: Key features include native fuzz testing, support for SBoM, integrated vulnerability detection, and strict dependency management policies.

Today, open source is everywhere. But with the web of dependencies that rely on other dependencies getting larger and more complicated, the risk of upstream vulnerabilities in your software supply chain is greater than ever.  Go solves for this and other s

Secure your software supply chain with Go

secure-your-software-supply-chain-with-go

## Introduction

Supply chains are undergoing a significant transformation as automation and improved data capturing capabilities become more prevalent. By leveraging both internal and external data streams, manufacturing organizations can enhance their planning and predictive capabilities to optimize the movement and availability of raw and finished materials.

The COVID-19 pandemic exposed critical vulnerabilities in traditional supply chain models, underscoring the urgent need for more predictable, nimble, and agile processes. In response, leading manufacturing organizations are embracing various supply chain technologies to modernize and improve their operations. Here are some key points:

1. **Automation**: Streamlines repetitive tasks, reduces human error, and increases efficiency.
2. **Data Capture**: Utilizes IoT, sensors, and other technologies to gather real-time data from various sources.
3. **Predictive Analytics**: Uses data to forecast demand, optimize inventory, and anticipate disruptions.

These technologies enable the development of a "digital supply chain," which integrates various digital tools and processes to create a more responsive and flexible supply chain.

## Keywords

- Automation
- Data Capture
- Predictive Analytics
- Digital Supply Chain
- Agility
- Efficiency
- Internet of Things (IoT)
- Sensors

## FAQ

**Q1: What is a digital supply chain?**  
A: A digital supply chain leverages various technologies such as automation, data capture, and predictive analytics to optimize and streamline supply chain operations.

**Q2: Why is there an increased focus on digital supply chains?**  
A: The COVID-19 pandemic highlighted vulnerabilities in traditional supply chains, emphasizing the need for more agile, efficient, and predictable operations.

**Q3: What are some key technologies used in a digital supply chain?**  
A: Key technologies include automation tools, IoT and sensors for data capture, and predictive analytics for forecasting and optimization.

**Q4: How does automation benefit supply chains?**  
A: Automation reduces repetitive tasks, minimizes human error, and improves overall efficiency in the supply chain.

**Q5: What role does data capture play in digital supply chains?**  
A: Data capture helps in gathering real-time information from various sources, enabling better decision-making and more accurate forecasting.

What Is a Digital Supply Chain

what-is-a-digital-supply-chain

### Cascading Supply Chain Attacks? #shorts

Supply chain attacks have been a significant threat for the last twenty years. Some increasingly notorious ransomware incidents have originated from supply chain applications, where attackers initially compromise a vendor and subsequently move to consumer levels.

### Introduction
Supply chain attacks have been a prominent cybersecurity threat for the last two decades. Some notorious ransomware cases started when attackers compromised a single vendor's software, allowing them to infiltrate other customers and organizations. However, cascading supply chain attacks take this one step further.

### Understanding Cascading Supply Chain Attacks
In cascading supply chain attacks, threat actors don't just compromise a single vendor. Instead, they target a vendor that supplies software to another vendor, which in turn supplies it to yet another vendor, and so on. This chain reaction continues further down the supply chain. This method achieves several key objectives:

1. **Wider Spread**: By attacking earlier in the supply chain, attackers can affect more organizations and targets.
2. **Broader Impact**: These attacks could target both business-to-business (B2B) and business-to-consumer (B2C) sectors.

In essence, the further upstream the attacker infiltrates, the more damage and disruption they can cause downstream. This multi-tiered attack strategy makes it significantly harder to identify and mitigate the source of the problem.

### Keyword
- Supply Chain Attacks
- Ransomware
- Cascading Attacks
- Vendor Compromise
- Cybersecurity
- B2B
- B2C

### FAQ
**1. What is a cascading supply chain attack?**
A cascading supply chain attack is when attackers compromise a vendor that provides software to another vendor, creating a chain reaction that can affect multiple layers of the supply chain.

**2. How do cascading supply chain attacks differ from traditional supply chain attacks?**
Traditional supply chain attacks usually involve compromising a single vendor, whereas cascading supply chain attacks involve sequentially compromising multiple vendors along the supply chain, leading to a wider impact.

**3. What are some of the key impacts of cascading supply chain attacks?**
Cascading supply chain attacks can lead to more organizations and targets being affected, creating a broader and more significant impact across both B2B and B2C sectors.

**4. Why are cascading supply chain attacks harder to mitigate?**
These attacks are challenging to mitigate because they involve multiple layers of vendors. Identifying and stopping the source becomes increasingly complex as the attackers have infiltrated further upstream.

software supply chain

What is the Software Supply Chain | AppSec 101

Polyfill.io Injects Malicious Code on 100K Sites From Chinese Parent

Trending Threat (3/3): 10-year-old Windows bug behind supply chain attack on softphone platform 3CX

Secure your software supply chain with Go

What Is a Digital Supply Chain

Cascading supply chain attacks #shorts